Hilsa, the national fish of Bangladesh, is currently experiencing a concerning decline in production, posing significant challenges to the country’s fisheries sector. According to the Department of Fisheries, the growth rate of Hilsa production has sharply decreased from 3.3% in the fiscal year 2019-20 to a mere 0.25% in 2021-22. This downturn is not only affecting the livelihoods of those who depend on Hilsa fishing but also has broader implications for national food security and the export market. The decline in Hilsa production can be attributed to several factors, including overfishing, habitat destruction, and the impacts of climate change, which disrupt the natural breeding and migration patterns of the fish. Moreover, this decline in Hilsa production occurs within a competitive global seafood market, where maintaining a steady supply is crucial for economic stability. The decrease in Hilsa numbers places Bangladesh at a disadvantage, potentially leading to a loss of market share to other seafood-exporting countries. To address these challenges and safeguard the future of Hilsa fishing, there is an urgent need for effective conservation efforts, stringent regulatory measures, and the promotion of sustainable fishing practices. These measures are essential not only for the recovery and growth of Hilsa populations but also for ensuring that Bangladesh can continue to compete effectively in the global seafood market. The implementation of these strategies will require a coordinated effort among government authorities, fishing communities, and environmental organizations, aimed at achieving a balance between economic needs and ecological sustainability. [source: The Daily Star]